Jurnal Akademika Kimia

Nickel Extraction from Morowali Laterite Ore with Chloride Acid (HCl) – Nitric Acid (HNO3) Solution

Leonardo Leonardo — 2025-07-15

Nickel is a metal of high strategic value for human needs to make stainless steel, batteries, and other products. The amount of nickel reserves in the world is about 72 % in rock oxides, and the rest is in sulfide rocks. However, only about 42 % of total nickel production in the world comes from laterite ore, while nickel sulfide is mainly produced. Research was conducted to determine the optimum nickel extraction parameters in a mixture of nitric acid and hydrochloric acid, and to determine the effect of the solvent volume ratio, temperature, and leaching time parameters on the nickel leaching results from laterite samples. This study uses the taguchi¬larger the better method with each factor having three levels of conditions, namely the volume ratio of the solvent using variations of 1: 1, 1: 2, and 2: 1 then variations in temperature of 30°C, 60 °C, and 90 °C as well as variations in the leaching time of 3 hours, 6 hours, and 12 hours. The optimum conditions for nickel extraction are a parameter ratio of 1:1, a temperature of 90 °C, and a leaching time of 6 hours. The results of atomic absorption spectrophotometer analysis showed that the concentration of Ni²⁺ at optimum conditions was 10.7895 ppm, and the recovery value was 2.54 %.

Analysis of Metal Content in Rocks Using X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF)

Mery Napitupulu — 2025-07-15

Rocks in mining have different types and levels of metal from one another. This study aims to determine the levels of metals present in rocks found in illegal mining areas in the Dongi-Dongi region. The parameters tested are the type of metal contained in rocks from unlawful mining in the Dongi-Dongi area and the amount of metal content in rocks from illegal mining in the Dongi-Dongi area. The results showed that the metals contained in the five rock samples from gold mining in Dongi - Dongi were, respectively, iron (Fe), potassium (K), silicon (Si), calcium (Ca), titanium (Ti), arsenic (Ar), zirconium (Zr), manganese (Mn), rubidium (Rb), niobium (Nb), molybdenum (Mo), indium (In), strontium (Sr), tin II (Sn), and rubidium (Ru) with the highest metal percentage found in the fifth rock sample (E), namely iron (Fe) at 62.89 % and potassium (K) at 54.7 %. The high content of iron and potassium in Dongi-Dongi mining rocks has the potential to be utilized by the community, as these metals are widely used in various industrial fields.

Cytotoxicity Test of Bandotan Herbal Ethanol Extract (Ageratum conyzoides L.) Using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) Method

Farida Sari — 2025-07-15

Cytotoxic activity is a process that can induce cell death. One of the plants that has cytotoxic properties is bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides L.). The purpose of this study was to identify the class of secondary metabolites present in the ethanol extract of Bandotan herb and to evaluate its cytotoxicity by determining the LC₅₀ value using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method. This research includes phytochemical screening and cytotoxicity testing of an ethanol extract of Herba bandotan using the BSLT method. BSLT is the first method for cytotoxicity testing using Artemia salina Leach larvae at the nauplii stage. Used in the BSLT method because it has similar responses with mammals, namely DNA-dependent RNA polymerase in Artemia salina Leach, similar to DNA-dependent RNA polymerase in mammals. By phytochemical screening, the secondary metabolites in Herba Bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides L.) are alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, and tannins. Based on the results of the cytotoxicity test using the BSLT method, it shows that the ethanol extract of Herba bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides L.) has the potential to be anti-cancer because it has an LC₅₀value of 255.1915 g / mL, which is included in the toxic category and has the potential to be anti-cancer. Potential as an anticancer agent in the BSLT test if it has an LC₅₀value < 1000 µg / mL.

Analysis Levels of Calcium Oxide (CaO) in Limestone from Leok Village, Biau Sub-district, Buol District

Vanny M. A. Tiwow — 2025-07-15

Limestone is one of the rocks that is very abundant in Indonesia and has many benefits, especially in the field of industry. This study aims to determine the levels of calcium oxide (CaO) in limestone at Desa Leok, Kecamatan Biau, Kabupaten Buol. XRF (X-ray fluorescence) was the analytical technique utilized to ascertain the amount of calcium oxide (CaO) present in the limestone. Both the coast area and the hill area provided samples. The measurement results indicate that the level of CaO is 92.41 % in the coast area and 93.74 % in the hill area.

Analysis of Levels of Phosphorus and Magnesium in Beef Bones from Kaledo Waste

Nurzaida Isnawiyah — 2025-07-15

The Kaili tribe is a tribe with a very distinctive and well-known culinary heritage in Indonesia, one of which is Kaledo (donggala soft leg). The large number of restaurants and restaurants that provide Kaledo menus raises problems, namely the lack of utilization of beef bones from Kaledo waste, causing environmental issues. The community does not know much about the types of minerals contained in the beef bones. Among them are the minerals contained in beef bones, namely phosphorus and magnesium. This study aims to determine the levels of phosphorus and magnesium in beef bones from Kaledo waste taken randomly from Kaledo restaurants in Palu City. Determination of phosphorus and magnesium levels in beef bones from Kaledo waste using a Uv-Vis spectrophotometer and an atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The results showed that the analysis of the phosphorus content of beef bones from Kaledo waste obtained 95.125 mg / 100 g, and the magnesium content was 102.9 mg / 100 g. The results of this study are expected to be a source of information about the levels of phosphorus and magnesium contained in beef bones from Kaledo waste and can be used further as a substance in the utilization of beef bones from Kaledo waste.