The Effect of Resistance Band on Arm Muscle Strength in Overhead Service Training in Citra Club Volleyball Players
Keywords:
Resistance band training, overhead serve, muscle strength, volleyball , training methodsAbstract
The overhead serve is an important technique in volleyball that initiates attacks and creates scoring opportunities. The effectiveness of this technique is influenced by several physical factors, particularly upper-limb muscle strength. Resistance band training was selected for this study because it provides elastic resistance, allowing more flexible, safe, and sport-specific movement patterns than many conventional strength-training methods, making it suitable for youth athletes. This study aimed to examine the effect of overhead serve training using resistance-band media on arm muscle strength in volleyball players at Citra Club. This research employed a quantitative, pre-experimental design with a one-group pretest–posttest. The sample consisted of 16 volleyball players aged 10–18 years, selected purposively. Arm muscle strength was measured using a handgrip dynamometer as an indicator of general upper-limb muscular strength during physical fitness assessment. The training program consisted of 10 sessions over five weeks. The results showed that the average arm muscle strength increased from the pretest to the posttest. The normality test using the Normal Probability–Probability Plot (P–P Plot) indicated that the residuals were normally distributed, as the points followed a diagonal pattern. In addition, the Normalized Gain (N-Gain) analysis yielded an average value of 0.0604, indicating that the training program produced a moderate improvement in players' arm muscle strength. These findings indicate that overhead serve training using resistance band media can improve arm muscle strength in youth volleyball athletes and can serve as an alternative training method in volleyball coaching programs.
References
Afendi, Riwaldi Putra, D. P. (2025). Kemampuan Floating Servis Bola Voli Pada Siswa Ekstrakulikuler Smp Negeri 1 Rambah Samo, 4(2), 155–161.
Allen, M. (Ed. ). (2017). The SAGE encyclopedia of communication research methods . SAGE publications., 2017.
Andersen, V., Prieske, O., Stien, N., Cumming, K., Erik, T., Solstad, J., … Saeterbakken, A. H. (2022). Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport Comparing the effects of variable and traditional resistance training on maximal strength and muscle power in healthy adults : A systematic review and meta-analysis, 25, 1023–1032. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2022.08.009
Andriyati. (2022). Kontribusi teknik smash, block, dan service dalam permainan bola voli pada Kejuaraan POPDA DIY Tahun 2022 (Tesis magister). Fakultas Ilmu Keolahragaan, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta.
Athletes, C. C. (2022). Plank Times and Lower Extremity Overuse Injury in Collegiate, 1–8.
Baena-Raya, A., Soriano-Maldonado, A., Rodríguez-Pérez, MA, García-de-Alcaraz, A., Ortega-Becerra, M., Jiménez-Reyes, P., & García-Ramos, A. (2021). The force-velocity profile as determinant of spike and serve ball speed in top-level male volleyball players, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249612
Bierer, S. B., Dallaghan, G. B., Borges, N. J., Brondfield, S., Fung, C. C., Huggett, N., … Colbert, C. Y. (2025). Moving Beyond Simplistic Research Design in Health Professions Education : What a One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design Will Not Prove, 1–9.
Creswell, JW, & Plano Clark, V. (2023). Meninjau kembali desain penelitian metode campuran dua puluh tahun kemudian. Buku Pegangan desain penelitian metode campuran , 1 (1), 21-36., 1, 2023.
Escamilla, RF, & Andrews, J. (2009). Pola perekrutan otot bahu dan biomekanik terkait selama olahraga ekstremitas atas. Kedokteran olahraga , 39 (7), 569-590., 39, 2009.
Fatah Firmansyah, I., Fauzi, M. S. F., & Saiin, M. (2022). Analisis Teknik Dasar Bola Voli Pada Siswa Ekstrakurikuler SMP Negeri 8 Samarinda. Borneo Physical Education Journal, 3(2), 52–63. https://doi.org/10.30872/bpej.v3i2.2192
Firdaus, B. F., Sudirman, R., & Arini, I. (2021). LATIHAN PENGULANGAN SERVIS ATAS ( DRILL SERVIS ATAS ) PADA TIM VOLI PARIGI, 5(1), 1–7.
Henselmans, M., & Schoenfeld, B. J. (2014). The effect of inter-set rest intervals on resistance exercise-induced muscle hypertrophy. Sports Medicine, 44(12), 1635-1643., 44, 2014.
Irwanto, E. (2021). Buku Ajar Bola Voli; Sejarah,Teknik Dasar, Strategi, Peraturan Dan Perwasitan. K-Media, 1–117.
Izzuddin, D. A., Gemael, Q. A., & Pratiwi, I. W. (2022). Pengaruh Latihan Pull Up Terhadap Kekuatan Otot Lengan Atlet Ekstrakulikuler Dayung Smk Pgri Telagasari. Jurnal Olahraga Kebugaran Dan Rehabilitasi (JOKER), 2(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.35706/joker.v2i1.6469
Kraemer, W. J., & Ratamess, N. A. (2004). Fundamentals of Resistance Training: Progression and Exercise Prescription, (April 2003). https://doi.org/10.1249/01.MSS.0000121945.36635.61
Leon, I. W., Candra, S., Danardani, W., & Hidayat, S. (2023). Pengaruh Pelatihan Sirkuit Terhadap Power Tungkai Dan Ketepatan Sasaran Pukulan Smash Pada Atlet Putra Akademi Bola Voli Buleleng Pelatihan Sirkuit Terhadap Power Tungkai dan Ketepatan Sasaran Pukulan Smash pada Atlet mengikuti pelatihan rentang usia 14-19 tahun . Pengambilan Sampel dalam penelitian ini, 14.
Maria Surty Plisa Geni, I. F. B. M. (2025). Pengaruh Metode Latihan Modifikasi Servis Terhadap Kemampuan Servis Atas Bola Voli Pada Ukm Bola Voli San Agustin, 6(2).
Mohammadian, M., Sadeghi, H., Khaleghi Tazji, M., & Maloney, S. (2022). Hubungan antara kekakuan vertikal selama tes lompatan bilateral dan unilateral yang dilakukan dengan strategi berbeda dan performa lompatan vertikal. Jurnal Ilmu Olahraga Eropa , 22 (2), 182-189., 22, 2022.
Muhammad Ishak, Ahmad Adil, A. (2025). Journal of Physical Education and, 5(2), 73–92. and injury prevention effects, 44(1), 56–63. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2009.068098.Resistance
Oranchuk, DJ, Ecsedy, EN, & R. (2021). Pengaruh program latihan resistensi pita khusus olahraga pada kecepatan lemparan di atas kepala dan rentang gerak sendi glenohumeral. Jurnal Penelitian Kekuatan & Pengondisian , 35 (11), 3097-3103., 35, 3103.
P Pitri, D Donie , Y Setiawan, Y. P. (2024). Pengaruh Latihan Burpees terhadap Kemampuan Daya Ledak Otot Tungkai dan Daya Tahan Otot Lengan Pemain Bolavoli SMAN 1 Gunung Tuleh Kabupaten Pasaman Barat PENDAHULUAN Bolavoli adalah suatu permainan yang dimainkan oleh dua regu dimana setiap regu terdiri. Gladiator, 953, 1–15.
Pasaribu, A. M. N. (2020). Tes dan pengukuran olahraga.
Ralston, G. W., Kilgore, L., Wyatt, F. B., & Baker, J. S. (2017). The Effect of Weekly Set Volume on Strength Gain : A Meta-Analysis. Sports Medicine, 47(12), 2585–2601. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-017-0762-7
Rika Widianita, D. (2023). engaruh Media Latihan Beban Botol Berisi Pasir Terhadap Kemampuan Servis Atas Bola Voli Pada Siswa Kelas X Smk Negeri 3 Kota Sorong. AT-TAWASSUTH: Jurnal Ekonomi Islam, VIII(I), 1–19.
Rohmatunisha, S., Wahyudi, U., & Yudasmara, D. (2020). Survei Minat Siswa dalam Mengikuti Kegiatan Ekstrakurikuler Bola basket pada Peserta Sekolah Menengah Pertama, 2(2), 119–129.
Ruffieux, J., Wälchli, M., Kim, K., & Taube, W. (2020). Countermovement Jump Training Is More Effective Than Drop Jump Training in Enhancing Jump Height in Non-professional Female Volleyball Players, 11(March), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2020.00231
Schoenfeld, B. J., Ogborn, D., & Krieger, J. W. (2016). Effects of Resistance Training Frequency on Measures of Muscle Hypertrophy : A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Sports Medicine, 46(11), 1689–1697. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-016-0543-8
Seguin, R. C., Cudlip, A. C., & Holmes, M. W. R. (2022). The Efficacy of Upper-Extremity Elastic Resistance Training on Shoulder Strength and Performance : A Systematic Review.
Suchomel, T. J., Nimphius, S., & Stone, M. H. (2018). The Importance of Muscular Strength in Athletic Performance. Sports Medicine, 46(10), 1419–1449. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-016-0486-0
Sudirjo, E., & Sudrazat, A. (2024). Bagaimana Intervensi Gaya Hidup Aktif melalui Aktifitas Fisik pada Anak ? Sebuah Tinjauan Sitematis, 10(1), 109–123.
Suryawan, IMYA, Dei, A., Indrawathi, NLP, Laksana, AANP, Widiantari, NLG, & Citrawan, I. (2022). Pengaruh Media Latihan Menarik Karet Ban terhadap Kekuatan Otot Lengan pada Atlet Bola Voli Club Putra Ramas Tahun 2021. Jurnal Pendidikan …, 8(2), 397–406. Retrieved from https://ojs.mahadewa.ac.id/index.php/jpkr/article/view/2017
Susilawati, D. (2017). Pengaruh Explosive Power Dan Kebugaran Jasmani Terhadap Keterampilan Bola Voli, 08(01), 68–75.
Wang, J., Qin, Z., & Wei, Z. (2024). Power and velocity performance of swing movement in the adolescent male volleyball players – age and positional difference, 2, 1–10.
Widiastuti. (2015). Sports Testing and Measurement. Jakarta: PT. Raja Grafindo Persada. Jakarta.
Williams, SM, & Lacy, A. (2018). Pengukuran dan evaluasi dalam pendidikan jasmani dan ilmu olahraga . Routledge., 2018.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Copyright (c) 2026 Fauzi Hermana, Encep Sudirjo, Dewi Susilawati
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
E-ISSN
P-ISSN
