Rancangan Spektroskop Sederhana untuk Analisis Spektrum Cahaya

Alda aldafebrinty; Nurhamidah Nurhamidah

doi:10.22487/jpft.v14i2.6729

Authors

Alda aldafebrinty UIN Raden Fatah Palembang
Nurhamidah Nurhamidah Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Fatah Palembang

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22487/jpft.v14i2.6729

Keywords:

difraksi, dispersi, pembelajaran fisika, spektroskop sederhana, spektrum cahaya

Abstract

Spektroskop merupakan instrumen optik yang digunakan untuk mengamati spektrum cahaya melalui fenomena difraksi dan dispersi. Keterbatasan ketersediaan instrumen tersebut di lingkungan pendidikan mendorong pengembangan spektroskop sederhana yang mudah dibuat, berbiaya rendah, dan efektif sebagai media pembelajaran fisika. Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang spektroskop sederhana berbasis Compact Disc (CD) sebagai kisi difraksi serta menganalisis kualitas spektrum cahaya berdasarkan variasi tegangan sumber cahaya dan jarak pengamatan. Penelitian menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan sumber cahaya berupa senter bertegangan 3,7 V dan 4,5 V serta variasi jarak pengamatan 3 cm, 5 cm, dan 10 cm. Setiap perlakuan dilakukan sebanyak tiga kali pengulangan. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif berdasarkan panjang spektrum dan secara deskriptif kualitatif berdasarkan kejelasan warna serta karakteristik visual spektrum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata panjang spektrum pada tegangan 3,7 V berturut-turut sebesar 14,6 cm, 12,8 cm, dan 12,3 cm, sedangkan pada tegangan 4,5 V sebesar 13,6 cm, 12,1 cm, dan 11,1 cm. Panjang spektrum cenderung menurun seiring bertambahnya jarak pengamatan. Kualitas spektrum dipengaruhi oleh kondisi sumber cahaya, karakteristik kisi difraksi CD, dan konfigurasi alat. Spektroskop sederhana berbasis CD berpotensi digunakan sebagai media praktikum fisika yang efektif, ekonomis, dan mudah diterapkan untuk mempelajari spektrum cahaya, difraksi, dan dispersi.

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